Title: Robust Optimization Models With PDE Constraints for Airfoil Design

Traditional airfoil optimization models are based on inverse design methods that require designers to select an appropriate target pressure distribution. Recent trend in airfoil optimization is to perform lift-constrained drag minimization, which is a large-scale nonlinear optimization problem with nonlinear (PDE) constraints. However, such an optimization model tends to produce an airfoil with poor performance at off-design points. In this talk, we present robust optimization models for airfoil design and show how optimization strategies can affect optimal airfoils. We will also discuss some unsolved computational and modeling problems in airfoil design optimization.